Comparison and enlightenment of undergraduate education in stomatology between China and Russia / 中华医学教育探索杂志

For adapting to the change of modern medical model and suiting social demand of high quality dentists, this paper compares the differences of undergraduate education in stomatology between China and Russia by using the method of Bereday comparative education, trying to provide some reference for the reform of Chinese stomatology education. Curriculum arrangement in China is being constantly explored based on the Russian model. In China, courses are divided into basic medicine, clinical medicine and stomatology in three stages, making students relatively passive in learning. And the ratio of practice to lecture is far more higher in Russia than that in China. Thus, it's necessary to optimize structure and balance the distribution of stomatological curriculum in China, improve and popularize learning models such as problem -based learning (PBL) and so on, so as to promote the development of stomatology education of China to a higher level.

Comparison of stomatology education systems between two medical universities in China and Russia / 中华医学教育探索杂志

By comparing the similarities and differences in the higher education system and degree levels of stomatology,especially in the undergraduate-level courses,between I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and Harbin Medical University,we found that:the class hours for undergraduates majoring in stomatology in Russia are three times as many as those in China,and the former's class hours for PBL accounts for 80％ of its total class hours,which can greatly develop the medical students' competence of life-long learning and innovation.Russia focuses more on the early exposure to oral medical and clinical education.Moreover,they make stomatology penetrate the whole education process.The system of combing postgraduate medical education with residency training in Russia has been developed early and relatively mature,which can provide example for Chinese standardized training of oral residents.The study for the current education system of stomatology in Russia is of great significance in strengthening the cooperation between China and Russia on stomatology education and promoting the reform of Chinese stomatology education.

The effect of adhesive with different unsealing time on the microleakage of adhesive interface / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of self-etching adhesive with different unsealing time on the microleakage of the adhesive interface between tooth and resin. Methods: Unopened self-etching adhesives, Scotchbond Universal (S) and Xeno V+ (X) were respectively used to adhere Z350 resin for restoration of the prepared occlusal cavities sized 4 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm (n = 40) . The methylene blue staining method was used to observe the microleakage of the adhesive interface between the tooth and filling material at the instant moment, 1, 2 and 3 months after the self-etching adhesives was opened (n = 10) . Results: (1) Increase of microleakage in S group was found with the time span after unsealing, and there was a statistical difference between the instant moment and 3 months after unsealing (P＜0. 05) . (2) There was no significant difference at the 4 test time points in X group (P＞0. 05), although the microleakage value of the samples were increased with the increase of the time after unsealing. (3) The microleakage of X group was greater than that of S group at the instant moment and 1 month after unsealing (P＜0. 05) . Conclusion: Unsealing time may increase the microleakage of the adhesive interface between the tooth and the filling material, the effect varies with the types of the adhesives.

Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of derivatives of ursolic acid in vitro / 药学学报

A series of ursolic acid derivatives were synthesized by the introduction of 4-chloroindole compounds at A ring and esterification and amidation at C-28 position, which structures were characterized by 1H NMR, MS and etc. The cytotoxic activity of derivatives was evaluated against HepG2 and SGC7901 cells in vitro by MTT assay, in which paclitaxel and adriamycin were used as a positive control. The results indicated that all of derivatives can inhibit cell proliferation in HepG2 and SGC7901 cells with a better activity than ursolic acid. Especially, the compounds 6 and 12 showed significant antitumor activity comparable to the paclitaxel. The compounds are worthy to be studied further.

The effects of surface bonding on the compressive strength of different calcium hydroxide products / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of surface bonding on compressive strength of chemically-cured(Dycal) and light-cured (Calcimol LC) calcium hydroxide.Methods:32 experimental specimens were prepared and divided into 4 groups(n =8):Group A,Dcyal without surface bonding;Group B,Calcimol LC without surface bonding;Group C,Dycal with surface bonding;Group D,Calcimol LC with surface bonding.German Zwick universal electronic testing machine was used to test the compressive strength of the specimens.Results:The average compressive strength value of group A,B,C and D was (110.48 ± 19.9),(162.6 ±7.8),(136.8 ± 17.2) and (223 ± 31.1) MPa respectively.Among them,the compressive strength of Group D was the highest (P ＜ 0.05).Compressive strength value of group B was higher than that of group A (P ＜ 0.05).No statistical difference was detected between other groups.Conclusion:The compressive strength of Light-cured Calcium Hydroxide is higher than that of chemically-cured Calcium Hydroxide.Surface bonding treatment can improve the compressive strength of Light-cured Calcium,no apparent effects can be produced on chemicallycured Calcium Hydroxide.

A260G and A386G single nucleotide polymorphisms of the DAZL gene are not correlated with male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the association of the A260G and A386G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the DAZL gene with male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We collected the peripheral blood samples from 317 idiopathic infertile males with azoospermia or oligozoospermia and 246 normal fertile men, and genotyped the polymorphic loci of the A260G and A386G polymorphisms of the DAZL gene using the SNaPshot technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The DAZL gene A260G was found genetically polymorphic in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province, with the gene frequencies and their distribution consistent to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequencies of the AA, AG and GG genotypes of the A260G polymorphism were 92.3%, 7.3%, and 0.4% respectively in the normal controls and 94.3%, 5.7%, and 0% in the infertile patients, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.43, OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.413-1.46). Heterozygosis (AG) of A386G was found in 1 of the control males but not in the infertile patients, while homozygosis (GG) of A386G was not observed in either group (P = 0.259, OR = 0.698, 59% CI: 0.374-1.306).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A260G and A386G SNPs of the DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure and neither represents a molecular marker for the genetic diagnosis of male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.</p>

PDE5 inhibitors for the management of temporary penile erectile dysfunction during treatment with assisted reproductive technology / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in the management of temporary penile erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study included 75 male patients that experienced ejaculation failure due to temporary ED during ART treatment. We treated the patients with PDE5 inhibitors sildenafil, tadanafil and vardenafil, and then evaluated the hardness of penile erection using Erection Hardness Score (EHS) and analyzed the end-point efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sildenafil was administered to 28 of the patients, tadanafil to 25, and vardenafil to 22. Of the total number of patients, 61 (81.3%) achieved effective erection, but no significant differences were observed in the rate of effectiveness among the sildenafil (24 cases, 85.7%), tadanafil (20 cases, 80.0%) and vardenafil (17 cases, 77.3%) groups (P > 0.05). After medication, 53 (70.7%) of the patients successfully ejaculated, but there were no remarkable differences in the success rate among the sildenafil (21 cases, 75.0%), tadanafil (17 cases, 68.0%) and vardenafil (15 cases, 68.2%) groups (P > 0.05). Of the 75 patients, 37 received the recommended initial dose and 38 the maximum recommended dose of PDE5 inhibitors, but no significant differences were found in the rate of successful sperm retrieval between the former (28 cases, 75.7%) and the latter group (25 cases, 65.8%) (P > 0.05). Mild adverse events, including transient flush and dizziness, occurred in 5 cases (6.7%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PDE5 inhibitors can help temporary ED patients to achieve penile erection and ejaculation during ART treatment.</p>

FISH analysis of meiotic segregation results of the spermatozoa from male pericentric inversion carriers / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the meiotic segregation results of the spermatozoa from male pericentric inversion carriers by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using chemical depolymerization and multicolor FISH, we analyzed the meiotic segregation results of the spermatozoa from 4 male pericentric inversion carriers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 4 males studied, 46,XY,inv(9) (p11q12) was found in 2, 46,XY,inv(9) (p11q13) in 1 and 46,XY,inv(6) (p22q24) in the other; the lengths of the inverted segments represented 16.0, 16.0, 21.0 and 76.0% of the size of the whole chromosome involved; and the frequencies of recombinant sperm were 0.2, 0.4, 0.3 and 43.9%, del(p)/dup(q) accounting for 22.4% and del(q)/dup(p) 21.5%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Males with pericentric inversion may produce spermatozoa with recombinant chromosomes and the rate of recombination varies principally according to the size proportion to the whole chromosome involved. The results of FISH analysis of chromosomal unbalanced spermatozoa can provide accurate personalized information on the genetic risk of fertility.</p>

Sperm DNA damage and sperm-nucleoprotein transition correlate to acrosin activity and seminal parameters / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation of sperm DNA damage and sperm-nucleoprotein transition with acrosin activity and seminal parameters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We collected 535 semen samples, assessed sperm DNA damage by sperm chromatin dispersion test, and analyzed the correlation of sperm DNA damage and sperm-nucleoprotein transition with acrosin activity and seminal parameters according to the WHO criteria.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Statistically significant differences were observed in sperm DNA damage among sperm-nucleoprotein transition, acrosin activity, sperm concentration and the percentage of grade a + b sperm (P < 0.01). Sperm DNA damage was positively correlated with age, sperm-nucleoprotein transition, sperm concentration and the percentage of grade d sperm (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), but negatively correlated with acrosin activity (P < 0.001). Stepwise linear regression analysis demonstrated that age, sperm concentration, the percentage of grade d sperm, sperm-nucleoprotein transition and acrosin activity were independent variables related to the DNA fragmentation index (DFI). The abnormality rates of sperm-nucleoprotein transition, acrosin activity, sperm concentration and graded a + b sperm were significantly higher in the sperm DNA damage group (DFI > or = 30%) than in the normal control (DFI < 30%) (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sperm DNA damage is closely related with sperm-nucleoprotein transition, acrosin activity and seminal parameters, which may become another important independent parameter for the evaluation of sperm quality.</p>

Identification of known and novel PTCH mutations in both syndromic and non-syndromic keratocystic odontogenic tumors / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

<p><b>AIM</b>To clarify the role of PTCH in patients with NBCCS-related and non-sydromic keratocystic odontogenic tumors.</p><p><b>METHODOLOGY</b>Mutation analysis was undertaken in 8 sporadic and 4 NBCCS-associated KCOTs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four novel and two known mutations were identified in 2 sporadic and 3 syndromic cases, two of which being germline mutations (c.2179delT, c.2824delC) and 4 somatic mutations (c.3162dupG, c.1362-1374dup, c.1012 C>T, c.403C>T).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings suggest that defects of PTCH are associated with the pathogenesis of syndromic as well as a subset of non-syndromic KCOTs.</p>

Effect of menbranous milkvetch root parenteral solution on insulin resistance of gerontism cerebral infarction in stage of recovery / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo study the effect of menbranous milkvetch root parenteral solution on insulin resistance of gerontism cerebral infarction in recovery stage.Methods66 patients with gerontism cerebral infarction were randomly divided into therapy group(33 cases) which received membranous milkvetch root parenteral solution and control group(33 cases).Both groups adopted routine treatment at the same time, the period was 20 days. Insulin(Ins), free blood sugar(FBS), total cholesterol(CH), triglyceride(TG), hemorheology and insulin resistance(indicating by index of insulin sensitive) of blood on empty stomach were evalutated before and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatment there was decrease in CH, FBS, FINS in therapy group than in control group(P<0.01 or P<0.05); the clinical effect in therapy group was better than in control group(P<0.01).ConclusionMembranous milkvetch root parenteral solution can significantly decrease insulin resistance, blood lipin, blood viscosity in recovery stage of gerontism cerebral infarction, and improve clinical efficiency.

In vitro cultivation and identification of epithelial cells of keratocystic odontogenic tumor / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To establish a method of in vitro cultivation of epithelial cells of keratocystic odontogenic tumors(KCOT).Methods: Tissue block and enzyme digestion techniques were used for primary cultivation of KCOT cells.The cells were grown in keratinocyte-serum free medium(K-SFM).The biological characteristics of the cultivated keratinocytes were identified by phase microscopic observation and by immunohistochemistry of cytokeratin,vimentin,cytokeratin10 and 14.Results: KCOT keratinocytes could survive for 30-50 days in K-SFM after passing 2-4 generations.Cells were polygon and showed typical slabstone-like appearance.Immunostaining showed positive staining for cytokeratin antibody,and negative for vimentin.Conclusion: KCOT epithelial cells could be serially cultured in vitro in K-SFM by techniques suggested in this study.